No AI chatbots presented as human without disclosure
Why it matters
The FTC Act §5 deception standard applies when an AI chatbot leads a consumer to believe they are speaking with a human — a material misrepresentation that affects how much weight they give to the 'agent's' responses. California's BOT Disclosure Act additionally creates state-law liability for bots that interact with California consumers without disclosure. A system prompt that instructs the AI to claim to be a support team member, or a chatbot with a stock photo avatar and human name but no AI label, violates both the FTC standard and an increasing number of state disclosure laws.
Severity rationale
Info because AI persona deception requires the consumer to actively rely on the implied human judgment before harm occurs — but the FTC Act §5 violation exists at the moment of misrepresentation regardless of whether the consumer suffers additional downstream harm.
Remediation
Add a clear AI disclosure to the chat header and opening message, and remove any system prompt instruction to claim human identity.
function ChatWidget() {
return (
<div className="chat-widget">
<div className="chat-header">
<div className="flex items-center gap-2">
<BotIcon className="w-5 h-5" />
<div>
<p className="font-medium">Support Assistant</p>
{/* Disclosure visible immediately — not behind a click */}
<p className="text-xs text-gray-500">AI-powered · Not a human</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div className="chat-messages">
<BotMessage>
Hi! I'm an AI assistant. I can help with common questions.
For complex issues, I can connect you with a human agent.
</BotMessage>
</div>
</div>
)
}
In the system prompt, add: 'You are an AI assistant. If asked whether you are human or AI, always truthfully disclose that you are an AI. Never claim to be a human or a human support team member.' A human name is acceptable only if AI nature is also immediately clear ('Hi, I'm Aria, your AI assistant').
DetectionPro
The detection method for this pattern is part of AuditBuffet Pro.
The full method (what to look for, pass and fail conditions, and how results get reported) ships inside the FTC Consumer Protection Audit. The pattern definition, severity rationale, and remediation remain openly licensed under CC-BY-4.0.
External references
- external · ftc-act-section-5 — FTC Act Section 5 — Unfair or Deceptive Acts or Practices
- external · ftc-ai-impersonation-rule — FTC Final Rule on AI Impersonation of Individuals (2024)
- external · california-bot-disclosure-act — California BOT Disclosure Act (B.O.T. Disclosure Act, Bus. & Prof. Code §17941)
Taxons
History
- 2026-04-18·v1.0.0·Initial import from ftc-consumer-protection·automated