Search and citation crawlers are not blocked in robots.txt
Why it matters
A small set of robots.txt tokens controls whether AI answer engines can surface your site at all, and every vendor documents its own. OpenAI is categorical — sites that opt out of OAI-SearchBot "will not be shown in ChatGPT search answers." Anthropic states that blocking Claude-SearchBot or Claude-User "may reduce your site's visibility" in Claude's search results. Perplexity recommends allowing PerplexityBot "to ensure your site appears in search results." Google's AI Overviews and AI Mode are built on the ordinary Search index, so a Googlebot block removes you from those too, and Bing's index powers Microsoft Copilot and is a named third-party provider behind ChatGPT search. Blocking these search and citation crawlers silently removes your product from the fastest-growing discovery channel. Blocking training-only tokens like GPTBot or ClaudeBot is a different, documented choice that does not affect search visibility.
Severity rationale
Critical because vendors document the exclusion as binary for their search surfaces — OpenAI states opted-out sites "will not be shown in ChatGPT search answers" — and a single Disallow line silently removes the site from that platform's answers.
Remediation
Remove Disallow rules targeting search and citation crawlers (OAI-SearchBot, Claude-SearchBot, Claude-User, PerplexityBot, Googlebot, bingbot) from public/robots.txt or app/robots.ts. OpenAI notes robots.txt changes take about 24 hours to propagate, and Anthropic requires the opt-out (or opt-in) per subdomain. A page blocked from OAI-SearchBot can still appear in ChatGPT as a bare title-and-link if discovered via a third-party search provider; only noindex removes that.
// app/robots.ts
export default function robots() {
return {
rules: [
// One wildcard rule is enough. If you want to opt out of AI TRAINING
// without losing search visibility, add Disallow entries only for the
// training tokens (GPTBot, ClaudeBot, Google-Extended) — every vendor
// documents these as independent of search appearance. Note that
// blocking Google-Extended also opts you out of Gemini app grounding.
{ userAgent: '*', allow: '/', disallow: ['/api/', '/auth/'] },
],
sitemap: 'https://example.com/sitemap.xml',
}
}
DetectionPro
The detection method for this pattern is part of AuditBuffet Pro.
The full method (what to look for, pass and fail conditions, and how results get reported) ships inside the GEO Readiness Audit. The pattern definition, severity rationale, and remediation remain openly licensed under CC-BY-4.0.
External references
- external · robots-txt-spec — Robots Exclusion Protocol (RFC 9309)
- external · openai-crawlers — Overview of OpenAI Crawlers (OAI-SearchBot vs GPTBot vs ChatGPT-User)
- external · anthropic-crawlers — Anthropic — Does Anthropic crawl data from the web?
- external · google-common-crawlers — Google common crawlers (Google-Extended is not a Search control)
- external · perplexity-crawlers — Perplexity Crawlers (PerplexityBot, Perplexity-User)
Taxons
History
- 2026-04-18·v1.0.0·Initial import from geo-readiness·automated
- 2026-06-10·v1.1.0·Realigned to first-party vendor docs: three-bucket bot taxonomy. Search/citation bots (OAI-SearchBot, Claude-SearchBot, Claude-User, PerplexityBot, Googlebot, bingbot) fail when blocked; training-opt-out tokens (GPTBot, ClaudeBot, Google-Extended) are a documented owner choice reported without penalty; removed the false "10 major AI crawlers" framing, the nonexistent ClaudeBot-User token, and the claim that GPTBot/ClaudeBot are citation-oriented. Added first-party source URLs.·by geo-first-party-alignment